DNS Server Improvements in Windows Server 2012 and Windows server 2008R2

DNS Server Improvements in Windows Server 2012 and Windows server 2008R2

1) Cache-only DNS servers

All DNS servers cache answers to queries they receive from outside their own zone of authority.
A cache-only DNS server obtains all DNS information from other DNS servers.
 It does not store host information in domain files and does not perform zone transfers.
 A cache-only DNS server must have at least one root server or forwarder listed, or it cannot resolve domain names. It stores the answer to each query in its cache for later use. A cache-only DNS server is not authoritative for any zone

2) Socket Pooling in DNS Server

The socket pool enables a DNS server to use source port randomization when issuing DNS queries. This
provides enhanced security against cache poisoning attacks. The socket pool is enabled with default settings
on computers that have installed Security Update MS08-037

3) Cache Locking in DNS Server

Cache locking is a new feature available if your DNS server is running Windows Server 2008 R2. When you
enable cache locking, the DNS server will not allow cached records to be overwritten for the duration of the
time to live (TTL) value. Cache locking provides for enhanced security against cache poisoning attacks. You
can also customize the settings used for cache locking.

How to Enable Administrator Account on Windows 8.1

Everyone is confused on windows 8 , where Local user account is not shown if you go to my computer and
then go to Manage  ,Nothing will be find out , please follow my steps to enable Administrator account

Step1: goto run-> type lusrmgr.msc and press Enter

Step2: You see here  local Users and Groups window

Step3: click on users and Select Administrator account

Step4: right click and goto properties

Step5: uncheck account disable option and click apply

Step6:right click Administrator account and set password

Step7: type New password and Confirm Password and you are ready to access your administrator account
on windows 8.1

How to Inter-Vlan Routing using a L3 Switch

Hi guyies today i am introduced a new concept of inter-vlan communication using layer 3 switch

first of all you have to set the VLANs on switch , so you have to follow the followings

i just want to create a 3 vlan , SALES,HR and IT

so go to the config mode

switch>conf t
switch(config)#vlan 2
switch(config)#name sales
switch(config)#vlan 3
switch(config)#name HR
switch(config)#vlan 4
switch(config)#name IT

after creating VLANs , You have Just show the switch(config)#do show vlan brief command to verify the Vlans .


Now we are setting the  Switch Port Assignments
switch(config)#interface range f0/1 - 8
switch(config-range)#switchport mode access
switch(config-range)#switchport access vlan 2
switch(config)#interface range f0/8 - 16
switch(config-range)#switchport mode access
switch(config-range)#switchport access vlan 3

switch(config)#interface range f0/17 - 24
switch(config-range)#switchport mode access
switch(config-range)#switchport access vlan 3


After Port Assignments we define the VLANs IP

switch(config)#interface vlan 2
switch(config)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
switch(config)#interface vlan 3
switch(config)#ip address 20.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
switch(config)#interface vlan 4
switch(config)#ip address 30.1.1.1 255.0.0.0

Now we do Routing Between VLANs

switch(config)#Router Rip
switch(config)#network 10.0.0.0
switch(config)#network 20.0.0.0
switch(config)#network 30.0.0.0

Now we can Ping Each VLANs Together.

Protocols on CCNA Exam

DNS- Domain Name System

DHCP- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

FTP- File Transfer Protocol

TFTP- Trivial File Transfer Protocol

HTTP- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

Telnet- Telephony Network

SMTP- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

POP- Post Office Protocol

IMAP- Internet Massage Access Protocol

NetBIOS- Network Basic Input/Output System

TCP- Transmission Control Protocol

UDP- User Datagram Protocol

IP- Internet Protocol

ICMP- Internet Control Massage Protocol

ARP- Address Resolution Protocol

RARP- Reserve Address Resolution Protocol

HDLC- High-level Data Link Control Protocol

SDLC- Synchronous Data Link Control Protocol

There is associated Port number to every Application Protocol.

[Note: to see port number with protocol “c:\windows\system32\driver\etc” open this file with notepad]

OSI Layers and Protocol

Application Layer DNS, DHCP, FTP, HTTP, TFTP, TELNET, SMTP

Presentation Layer Upper Layer POP, IMAP, ETC..&

Session Layer NETBIOS (Session Layer uses only)

Transport Layer TCP, UDP

Network Layer IP, ICMP, ARP, RARP

Data Link Layer HDLC, SDLC, FRAME RELAY

Physical Layer (No protocol is used here, it works with Ethernet or token ring)

How to install windows 7 on a VHD (Virtual HDD)

Step 1:  Insert the Bootable Usb drive or media 

Step 2: select the f9 key or startup-boot menu , select the usb boot

Step 3: windows is loading now and show install windows 7 now , do not click install

Step 4: press shift+f10  , now a command prompt is open.

Step 5 : type diskpart

DISKPART>  LIST DISK

DISK 0      232 GB LOCAL HDDDISK 1      7448 MB USB HDD

DISKPART>  SELECT DISK 0

*DISK 0      232 GB LOCAL HDD

DISK 1      7448 MB USB HDD
DISK 0 IS NOW SELECTED

DISKPART> LIST VOLUME

VOLUME 1   C
VOLUME 2   D
VOLUME 3   E
VOLUME 4   F

DISKPART> SELECT VOLUME=2

DISKPART> CREATE VDISK FILE="D:\TEST.VHD" MAXIMUM=40000 

TYPE=EXPANDABLE

TEST.VHD IS SUCESSFULLY CREATED

DISKPART> ATTACH VDISK

TEST.VHD IS SUCCESSFULLY ATTACHED.

NOW EXIT THE DISKPART

DISKPART> EXIT

STEP 6:  Now click Install now Button and choose custom option  and Format the selected VDISK and install the WINDOWS 7 on the Virtual HDD

  

Basic Disk & Dynamic Disks

Basic Disk & Dynamic Disks

Basic Disk:

A disk initialized for basic storage is called a basic disk. When we install operating system by default our disk is

“Basic Disk”. A basic disk contains basic volumes, such as

1. Primary partitions,

2. Extended partitions,

3. Logical drives.

Primary partition is the first division of a hard disk drive. The primary partition is often the only one on the disk, and it occupies the entire disk volume. If there are multiple partitions, the primary partition is the one that holds the operating system and has to be made "active" in order to do so. We can make maximum 4 primary partitions on a disk.

Extended Partition: If we need more then four partition then we need to make at least one extended partition. This Extended partition is used to make more partition. Extended partition works as boundary for logical drives

.

Logical Drives: We can create many logical drives inside an extended partition. We can create up to “z” logical drives, and then we can create many mounted drives on any folder or drive.

To Create Partition

Go to – My computer – Right click – Manage – Disk Management – Right Click on partition & follow the instruction…