NETWORK DEVICES

REPEATER=DIGITAL DEVICE



NORMALLY CABLE IS 100 M SEGMENT LENGTH

AMPLIFIER = ANALOG DEVICE
NOISE INCREASE

TODAYS REPEATER IS NOT USED


HUB= IS A MULTIPORT REPEATER

ACTIVE HUB
PASSIVE HUB

BRIDGE = CONNECT 2 LAN SEGMENTS

WHAT IS NETWORK ?

WHAT IS NETWORK ?

2 OR MORE DEVICES ARE CONNECTED TOGETHER TO CREATE A NETWORK ,

NETWORK IS A COLLECTION OF 2 OR MORE COMPUTER OR DEVICES CONNECTED OVER SOME TRANSMISSION MEDIA (GUIDED/UNGUIDED MEDIA)
AND THEY ARE ABLE TO COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER AND SHARING OF RESOUCES TO EACH OTHER.


TYPES OF NETWORK :

1. LAN:LOCAL AREA NETWORK
2. WAN:WIDE AREA NETWORK
3. MAN:METROPOLITIAN AREA NETWORK

Others Network Types:

PAN (PERSONAL AREA NETWORK) : BLUETOOTH,INFRARED and IT IS PART OF LAN

CAN (CAMPUS AREA NETWORK): IT IS PART OF LAN AND WAN

WLAN(LAN/WAN)

SAN (STORAGE AREA NETWORK): FIBRE CHANNEL CONNECTIVITY OF STORAGE

VPN (CONNECT LAN OVER THE WAN)

MAJOR TYPES OF NETWORK : LAN AND WAN

Diffrerence between LAN and WAN

LAN

CONNECT IN A LIMITED GEORAPHIC AREA

SPEED IS VERY HIGH (TYPICALLLY 10/100 Mbps)

Mbps=MEGA BITS PER SECOND

TODAY WE ARE USES 1000 Mbps(GIGA BIT LAN)1Gbps

VERY INEXPENSIVE

ERROR RATE IS LOW

VERY EASY TO CONNECT

WAN

CONNECT IN UNLIMITED GEOGRAPHIC AREA

SPEED IS SLOW THAN LAN

DIAL-UP MODEM(56Kbps)

ISDN INTEGRETED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK (128Kbps)

DSL DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (128-400Mbps)

LEASED LINE (54Mbps MIN)

EXPENSIVE

ERROR RATE IS HIGH

SOPHISTICATED TO CONNECT

NIC( NETWORK INTERFACE CARD

NIC( NETWORK INTERFACE CARD)

TYPES of NIC :

1. BNC (BRITISH NAVEL CONNECTOR)LAN CARD
2. usb NIC
3. PCMCIA
4. WLAN CARD

WORK:CONVERT DATA TO ELECTRIC PULSES AND VICE VERSA

NIC IS USED TO CONNECT A DEVICE(PC) TO A NETWORK.

NIC HAVE A UNIQUE ADDRESS CALLLED MAC ADDRESS (MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL )
ALSO CALLED PHYSICAL ADDRESS
MAC ADDRESS = 48 BIT
FIRST 24 BIT= REPRESENTS VENDOR ID REST 24 BITS = REPRESENT SEQENCE ID IT IS HEXADECIMAL ADDRESS

HOW TO SEE MAC ADDRESS ON A PC

RUN->CMD->IPCONFIG/ALL OR GETMAC
mac address is unique all over the world

RJ45 LAN CARD
BNC+RJ45 LAN CARD

IPX/SPX

Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange. Two network protocols. IPX is NetWare protocol for moving information across the network; SPX works on top of IPX and adds extra commands. In the OSI model, IPX conforms to the network layer and SPX is the transport layer

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

ATM is the technology selected by the Consultative Committee on International Telephone & Telegraph (CCITT) International standards organization in 1988 (now called the ITU-T) to realize a Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN). It is a fast, cell-switched technology based on a fixed- length 53-byte cell. All broadband transmissions (whether audio, data, imaging or video) are divided into a series of cells and routed across an ATM network consisting of links connected by ATM switches. Each ATM link comprises a constant stream of ATM cell slots into which transmissions are placed or left idle, if unused. The most significant benefit of ATM is its uniform handling of services, allowing one network to meet the needs of many broadband services. ATM accomplishes this because its cell-switching technology combines the best advantages of both circuit-switching (for constant bit rate services such as voice and image) and packet-switching (for variable bit rate services such as data and full motion video) technologies. The result is the bandwidth guarantee of circuit switching combined with the high efficiency of packet switching.

ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Very high speed transmission technology. ATM is a high bandwidth, low-delay, connection-oriented, packet-like switching and multiplexing technique. Usable capacity is segmented into 53-byte fixed-size cells, consisting of header and information fields, allocated to services on demand. The term "asynchronous" applies, as each cell is presented to the network on a "start-stop" basis—in other words, asynchronously. The access devices, switches and interlinking transmission facilities, of course, are all highly synchronized.